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| Registros recuperados: 92 | |
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| Gerard, Andre. |
| Le nom de "population" désigne l'ensemble des individus d'une même espèce vivant dans un espace déterminé et partageant le même "pool de gènes". L'individu ne détient qu'une infime partie de ce pool de gènes il représente l 'unité de sélection. Sa contribution est minime par rapport à l'ensemble des génomes de la population, mais il peut, grâce à la mutation, apporter des gènes nouveaux ou accroître légèrement la fréquence de certains gènes du pool s'il possède un génome particulièrement viable et productif. La population est l'unité évolutive qui assure constamment l'échange et la recombinaison de la réserve génétique constituée par l'ensemble des génomes individuels . Elle est le champ d'expérimentation des nouveaux gènes et des nouvelles combinaisons... |
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| Ano: 1978 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00444/55532/57121.pdf |
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| Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Borel, Michel; Maurer, Daniele; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Tige, Gilbert; Mazurie, Joseph; Langlade, Aime. |
| Cette réunion des membres du Réseau Génétique Mollusques avait pour objet de faire un bilan provisoire des actions en cours et surtout de mettre en place les protocoles et les calendriers du début de l'année 1994. La première demi-journée a été réservée à un exposé de Yamama NACIRI sur les bases de la Génétique Quantitative et ses applications dans le cadre des programmes de sélection des mollusques.La deuxième demi-journée a été consacrée au bilan des actions de 1993. Les représentants de chaque site, intervenant dans une opération du réseau en 1993, ont fait une présentation orale de leurs résultats. Un résumé de chaque intervention vous est fourni dans ce document. Il est important de souligner que tous ces bilans sont provisoires, en premier lieu parce... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Croissance; Génétique population. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/15982/13425.pdf |
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| Collet, Bertrand; Boudry, Pierre; Thebault, Anne; Heurtebise, Serge; Morand, Berenice; Gerard, Andre. |
| Twenty male and 20 female parental oysters, originating from four sites located along the French Atlantic coast, were crossed together. The 400 crosses were performed separately and then pooled to give a batch of larvae with a large genetic base. Successive sieving after 17 days at 23°C enabled the separation of the largest larvae from the batch. These larvae (i.e., sieving groups) were left to metamorphose and fix onto flat PVC collectors changed daily. Four groups of larvae representing distinctly different growth rates were successively separated during the attachment and metamorphosis of the whole population. This lasted 12 days, from the 17th day to the 29th after fertilisation. A part of each sieving group was settled separately as replicates on... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Settlement; Metamorphosis; Crassostrea gigas; Growth. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-468.pdf |
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| Gerard, Andre; Thouard, Emmanuel; Zambonino, Jose-luis; Gaignon, Jean-louis; Antoine, Loic; Harache, Yves; Veron, Gerard; Perez, Jose. |
| The repopulating of aquatic environments has long been based on the idea that in order to increase halieutic resources, one just had to artificially increase the number of fish in their early stages in marine or fresh water environments. Therefore, as the knowledge on the reproduction of some species and the mastery of their artificial reproduction was growing, the capacity to produce large amounts of eggs or fries from different fish or mollusc species became a reality. Controlled reproduction and the availability of large quantities of fertilized eggs, and then of larvae showing, in captivity, a greater survival capacity than naturally reproduced ones, lead to an increase of repopulating attempts through the release of fries or young fishes raised in... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Recommandation; Repeuplement; Milieu aquatique; Ressources halieutiques. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-6532.pdf |
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| Huvet, Arnaud; Boudry, Pierre; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre; Ledu, Christophe; Heurtebise, Serge; Cornette, Florence; Blouin, Frederic; Bedier, Edouard; Lapegue, Sylvie. |
| es marqueurs génétiques, particulièrement bien adaptés à ces problématiques car hypervariables, ont été mis au point récemment dans notre laboratoire en collaboration avec le laboratoire Génome et Populations de Montpellier (CNRS). Ils permettent désormais l'analyse approfondie et la discrimination fine de populations d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et de rechercher si certaines d'entre-elles n'auraient pas des caractéristiques intéressantes pour l'ostréiculture locale (croissance, résistance estivale, affinage ... ). La diffusion de telles populations auprès de la profession serait plus rapide car il s'agit de la même espèce. Selon les recommandations du CIEM, il faut effectuer une mise en quarantaine des huîtres importées (après contrôles sanitaires)... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Génétique des populations; Marqueurs génétiques; Microsatellite; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15563/12952.pdf |
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| Martin, Anne-genevieve; Gerard, Andre; Cochennec, Nathalie; Langlade, Aime. |
| In 1989, a selected strain of flat oyster. Ostrea edulis, was produced from breeders that survived Bonamia ostreae and that were over selected by injection of purified parasites. This generation (G 1) was compared to native oysters which had settled during the same year. After a growing period of 21 months, the oysters were tested according to three procedures: exposure to natural infection in an intertidal area, maintenance at the laboratory in tanks near heavily infested oysters, injection of parasites. The test lasted 7 months. In each procedure, oysters of the first generation (G1) showed a better survival rate than control oysters (72 to 94% versus 48 to 66%). On the other hand, the highest mortalities were observed among injected oysters (G1 and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genetics; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Parasite resistance. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/acte-3201.pdf |
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| Gerard, Andre. |
| The reproduction effort in Crassostrea gigas, as in most bivalve molluscs, has priority over their somatic growth. At the beginning of spring, the energetic metabolic processes are geared towards gametogenesis over glucidic stocks, thus inducing a slowing down of the growth and a change in the organoleptic qualities of the flesh (Héral & Deslous-Paoli, 1983). The same authors showed that this effort increases along with age (figure 1). In young one-year-old oysters, the energy is mostly burnt in growth, only 18 % is involved in reproduction, whereas in two-year-old oysters, 60 to 65 % of the energy is used for gamete formation (Deslous-Paoli & Héral, 1983). In order to limit the impact of gonadogenesis and to try and re-orientate this energy flux... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Triploidisation; Ecloserie; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/acte-6528.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Kotoulas, Georgios; Magoulas, Antonio; Hervouet, Veronique; Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre. |
| Highly polymorphic genetic markers can be useful tools for the analysis of parental contributions. The present paper reports 3 experiments using microsatellite markers to analyse parental contributions in controlled in vitro factorial crosses of the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. Parentage analysis was eased by the large polymorphism observed at the 3 loci studied. In a cross between 20 males and 20 females, a quarter of the progeny could be assigned to a given parent using a single microsatellite locus showing 28 alleles. In 3 crosses between 5 males and females, all the progeny could be assigned to a family by using 3 loci. In all cases, the combined genotyping at 2 loci allowed parentage to be detennined unambiguously. Despite the balanced gametic... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellites; Parental contributions; Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellites; Contributions parentales. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-2739.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Kotoulas, G.; Hervouet, Veronique; Cornette, Florence; Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre. |
| Numerous aquacultural species show very high fertilities. As a consequence, it is possible to produce, in hatcheries, a large amount of sibs from a small amount of parents. The sibs' genetic variability is, of course, directly linked to the number of parents involved, but it may be largely lowered by imbalanced parental contributions. Polymorphic genetic markers are very handy tools in the study of these phenomena in cultivated populations (Harris et al. 1991; Herbinger et al., 1996a; Garcia de Leon et al. 1998) or in natural populations (Ferguson et al, 1995; Kellog et al., 1995; Colbourne et al., 1996; Herbinger et al., 1996b). This document is a presentation of the results of a number of experiments, realised in the scope of the European program... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microsatellites; Contributions parentales; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3452.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 92 | |
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